Transport Phenomena Fundamentals, Third Edition By Joel L. Plawsky

Transport Phenomena Fundamentals, Third Edition

By Joel L. Plawsky

 

CRC Press – 2014 – 838 pages

Series: Chemical Industries

Hardback

 

2014 edition

 

The third edition of Transport Phenomena Fundamentals continues with its streamlined approach to the subject of transport phenomena, based on a unified treatment of heat, mass, and momentum transport using a balance equation approach. The new edition makes more use of modern tools for working problems, such as COMSOL®, Maple®, and MATLAB®. It introduces new problems at the end of each chapter and sorts them by topic for ease of use. It also presents new concepts to expand the utility of the text beyond chemical engineering.

 

The text is divided into two parts, which can be used for teaching a two-term course. Part I covers the balance equation in the context of diffusive transport—momentum, energy, mass, and charge. Each chapter adds a term to the balance equation, highlighting that term's effects on the physical behavior of the system and the underlying mathematical description. Chapters familiarize students with modeling and developing mathematical expressions based on the analysis of a control volume, the derivation of the governing differential equations, and the solution to those equations with appropriate boundary conditions.

 

Part II builds on the diffusive transport balance equation by introducing convective transport terms, focusing on partial, rather than ordinary, differential equations. The text describes paring down the microscopic equations to simplify the models and solve problems, and it introduces macroscopic versions of the balance equations for when the microscopic approach fails or is too cumbersome. The text discusses the momentum, Bournoulli, energy, and species continuity equations, including a brief description of how these equations are applied to heat exchangers, continuous contactors, and chemical reactors. The book also introduces the three fundamental transport coefficients: the friction factor, the heat transfer coefficient, and the mass transfer coefficient in the context of boundary layer theory. The final chapter covers the basics of radiative heat transfer, including concepts such as blackbodies, graybodies, radiation shields, and enclosures. The third edition incorporates many changes to the material and includes updated discussions and examples and more than 70 new homework problems.

 

Part I Transport Fundamentals and 1-D Systems

 

Introductory Concepts

 

Introduction

 

Scope of Transport Phenomena

 

Preliminary Assumptions

 

Equilibrium Foundations

 

Defining Equilibrium

 

Fluid Statics

 

Buoyancy and Stability

 

Fluids in Rigid Body Motion

 

Problems

 

References

 

Flows, Gradients, and Transport Properties

 

Introduction

 

Momentum Transport: Newton’s Law of Viscosity

 

Energy Transport: Fourier’s Law of Heat Conduction

 

Mass Transport: Fick’s Law of Diffusion

 

Charge Transport: Ohm’s Law of Conduction

 

Driving Force: Resistance Concepts

 

Flux Laws in Two and Three Dimensions

 

Mechanistic Differences between the Transport Phenomena

 

Primary and Secondary Fluxes

 

Failure of the Linear Flux: Gradient Laws

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Transport Properties of Materials

 

Introduction

 

Viscosity of Gases

 

Viscosity of Liquids: Free Volume Theory

 

Thermal Conductivity of Gases

 

Thermal Conductivity of Liquids

 

Thermal Conductivity of Solids

 

Diffusivity of Gases

 

Diffusion in Liquids

 

Diffusion in Solids

 

Conductivity, Mobility, and Resistivity

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

1-D, Steady-State, Diffusive Transport

 

Introduction

 

Boundary Conditions

 

Boundary Condition Catalog

 

1-D, Steady-State Diffusive Transport

 

Composite Media

 

Variable Transport Properties, Coupled Transport, and Multiple Fluxes

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Generation

 

Introduction

 

Generation on the Boundary: Boundary Conditions

 

One-Dimensional Transport with Generation at the Boundary

 

Constant Generation Terms

 

Variable Generation and Coupled Transport

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

 

Accumulation

 

 

Lumped Capacitance

 

Internal Gradients and Generalized Solutions

 

Semi-Infinite Systems

 

Moving Boundary Problems

 

Periodic Flow in a Rotating Cylindrical System

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Conservative Transport and Waves

 

Introduction

 

Momentum Transport

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Transport Enhancement Using Extended Surfaces

 

Introduction

 

Heat Transfer: Finned Surfaces

 

Mass Transfer: Gills, Lungs, etc

 

Diffusion and Reaction in a Catalyst Pellet

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Part II Multidimensional, Convective, and Radiative Transport

 

Multidimensional Effects, Potential Functions, and Fields

 

Introduction

 

Laplace’s Equation and Fields

 

Solutions of Laplace’s Equation

 

Generation, Sources, Sinks, and Poisson’s Equation

 

Transient Systems

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Convective Transport: Microscopic Balances

 

Introduction

 

Momentum Transport

 

Energy Transport

 

Mass Transport

 

Charge Transport

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Macroscopic or Engineering Balances

 

Introduction

 

Macroscopic Continuity Equation

 

Macroscopic Momentum Balance

 

Macroscopic Mechanical Energy Balance: Extended Bernoulli’s

 

Equation

 

Macroscopic Energy Balance

 

Macroscopic Species Continuity Equation

 

Macroscopic Charged Species Continuity Equation

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Convective Transport on a Flat Plate (Laminar Boundary Layers)

 

Introduction

 

Convective Transport Coefficients, Cf, h, kc, and k±

 

Boundary Layer Definitions

 

Derivation of Boundary Layer Equations

 

Transport Analogies

 

Hydrodynamic Boundary Layers

 

Thermal Boundary Layers

 

Mass Transfer Boundary Layers

 

Simplified Ionic Boundary Layers

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Convective Transport: Systems with Curvature

 

Introduction

 

Flow over Cylinders

 

Flow over Spheres

 

Velocity Profiles in Tubes

 

Heat and Mass Transfer Applications

 

Coefficients

 

Taylor Dispersion

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Turbulent Boundary Layers

 

Introduction

 

Turbulent Boundary Layer Structure

 

Transport Equations in Turbulent Flow

 

Representing the Reynolds Flux Components

 

Friction Factors and Other Transport Coefficients

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Radiative Transport

 

Introduction

 

Preliminary Definitions

 

Maxwell’s Equations and Heat Transfer

 

Energy Fluxes in Radiative Systems

 

Blackbody

 

Graybody

 

View Factors

 

Radiative Energy Exchange

 

Summary

 

Problems

 

References

 

Nomenclature

 

Appendix A: Vector Mathematics

 

Appendix B: Mathematical Functions

 

Appendix C: First Eigenvalue for 1-D Transient Conduction with External Convection

 

Appendix D: Exact Solution to the Boundary Layer Equations

 

References

 

Appendix E: Blackbody Emission Functions

 

Appendix F: Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Materials

 

Collision Integrals

 

References

 

Appendix G: Comsol® Modules

 

Index