The Modern Ayurveda: Milestones Beyond the Classical Age by C. P. Khare, Chandra Kant Katiyar

Features

• Covers the transition period of Ayurvedic medicine from the classical to the modern age
• Provides a comprehensive source for scientific aspects of modern Ayurveda
• Includes the new classification of Ayurvedic herbs, bioactive constituents, photochemical markers, and herb interactions
• Discusses the application of modern scientific analytical tools for standardization, modern pharmacological tools for safety and efficacy evaluation, and the application of biotechnology to elicit the mechanism of drug actions
• Presents the global regulatory status of Ayurvedic herbs

Summary

The Indian population has used Ayurvedic herbs for centuries, but now modern scientific work has led to recognition and acceptance at a global level. The major cause of the increased popularity of Ayurvedic medicine stems from recent scientific validation and its potential in lifestyle management. This growth in research in India and worldwide has created the need for a resource covering the scientific development of Ayurvedic herbs for practice during the postclassical period. The Modern Ayurveda: Milestones Beyond the Classical Ageexplores a host of topics essential to understanding the surge of scientific work now being conducted on this ancient practice.

A one-point source for the modern explorer attempting to appreciate the transformation of Ayurveda from an empirical to a rationalist understanding, the book enumerates more than 400 Ayurvedic herbs with compiled information including their botanical name, common Ayurvedic name and family, their attributes, chemical constituents, phytochemical markers, pharmacological actions, and their interactions and toxicity. It explores current research methodologies for the evaluation of efficacy and safety of herbal medicine and discusses the contemporary international regulatory status of herbal drugs.

Ayurvedic medicine can be better understood and utilized through the application of modern scientific analytical tools for standardization, modern pharmacological tools for safety and efficacy evaluation, and the application of biotechnology to elicit the mechanism of drug actions. Bringing Ayurveda into the 21st century, this volume will inform further progress and open new doors to treatment.

Table of Contents

How the Concept of Modern Ayurveda Emerged; C. P. Khare
Transition from Ancient to Modern Ayurveda; Chandra Kant Katiyar
Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Challenges and Strategies; Chandra Kant Katiyar
Introduction
History and Philosophy
Basic Principles
Current Status 
Scope and Achievements 
Issues and Perspectives 
Conclusion 
References
Herb Nomenclature of the Last Classical Ayurvedic Treatise: Bhavaprakasa
By Botanical Name
By Ayurvedic Name
Classical Attributes of Ayurvedic Herbs
Bioactive Constituents of Medicinal Plants; V. K. Agarwal
Alkaloids
Classification of Alkaloids
General Properties of Alkaloids 
Pharmacology 
Anthocyanins 
Flavones 
Flavonoids 
Tannins 
Properties of Tannins 
Industrial Uses of Tannins 
Essential Oils 
Pharmacology 
Menthol 
Camphor 
Clove 
Cypress 
Lavender 
Jasmine 
Patchouli 
Eucalyptus 
Rosemary 
Other Uses of Essential Oils 
Terpenoids 
Steroids
Sterols 
Cholesterol 
Ergosterol 
Stigmasterol 
Cardioactive Glycosides 
Steroidal Glycosides 
Cardiac Glycosides of Digitalis
Saponins
Saponins from Licorice
Saponins from Soapnut
Pharmacological Activity of Saponins
Gum, Resin, and Mucilage
Gums and Mucilage
Resins
Bitters
Pungent Constituents 
Coumarins 
Anthraquinones
Chemical Constituents of Ayurvedic Herbs
Phytochemical Markers of Ayurvedic Herbs
Interaction, Toxicity, and Specific Findings from Ayurvedic Herbs; C. P. Khare
Modern Pharmacological Classification of Ayurvedic Herbs; Chandra Kant Katiyar and Arun Gupta
Antacids
Antiallergics
Antiasthmatics
Anticancer
Antidiabetics
Antidiarrheals
Anti-DUB
Antiemetics
Antiflatulents
Antihypertensives
Anti-Inflammatory
Antimicrobials
Antiobesity
Antiparkinsonians
Antipyretics
Antispasmodics
Antistress 
Antitussives and Expectorants 
Antiurolithiatics 
Aphrodisiacs 
Blood Purifiers 
Cardioprotectives 
Digestives 
Diuretics 
Galactogogues 
Hepatoprotectives 
Hypolipidemics 
Immunomodulators 
Laxatives 
Narcotics 
Nephroprotectives 
Nootropics 
Sedatives 
Skin Disorders 
Tonics 
Wound Healers
Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Herbal/Ayurvedic Medicines; Arun Gupta and Chandra Kant Katiyar
Introduction 
Definitions 
Historical Aspects
Regulatory Aspects on Conducting Clinical Trials
World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines 
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Guidelines 
Good Clinical Practice (GCP) Guidelines 
Department of AYUSH, India 
Ethical Issues 
Limitations of Herbal and Traditional Medicine with Reference to Clinical
Trials 
Trial Design
Randomized Controlled Trials
Blinding
Placebo 
Standardization or Quality Control 
Ayurvedic Perspective 
Need of Alternative Approach to Clinical Trial for Traditional Medicine 
Prakriti (Psychosomatic Constitution) 
Rogi (Patient), Roga (Disease), and Pariksha (Examination) 
Kriyakala (Interventions at Different Stages of Disease) 
Pathya-apathya (Diet) to Be Followed with Medicine 
Anupana (Vehicle) for Drug Administration 
Proposed Methodologies for Clinical Trials on Ayurvedic Drugs 
Toxicity Studies on Ayurvedic and Herbal Drugs 
Acute Toxicity (OECD Test No. 43)
Subacute Toxicity (OECD Test No. 412)
Subchronic Toxicity (OECD Test No. 413)
Chronic Toxicity (OECD Test Guideline 452)
Carcinogenicity (OECD Test Guideline 451)
Test Guideline 416)
Ocular Toxicity (OECD Test No. 4052)
Neurotoxicity (OECD Test No. 424)
Conclusion and Way Forward
References
International Regulatory Status of Herbal Drugs; Sanjay Sharma
Southeast Asia 
Bangladesh 
India 
Indonesia
Myanmar
Nepal 
Sri Lanka 
Thailand 
Eastern Mediterranean 
Egypt 
Iran 
Kuwait 
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates 
Western Pacific
Australia
China
Fiji
Japan
Africa 
South Africa 
The Americas 
United States of America 
Argentina
Canada
Chile
Nicaragua 
Europe 
European Union 
Conclusion 
Bibliography
Information Resources
Databases 
Herbal Monographs 
Publicly Available 
Subscription Based 
Online Journals, Libraries, and Citations 
Professional Associations 
Related Links 
Images 
Adverse Effects, Safety, and Standards 
Legal and Regulatory Information
Country-Specific Complementary and Alternative Medicine 
United Kingdom 
United States of America 
India
Index